PazMun 2012: Essay. PAZMUN ESSAY

United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP)

UNEP Youtube Link

Secretariat: Mayte Gómez and Rosenda Zagal

· Chair: Karen Armas Reséndiz

· Moderator: Giomar Farid

· Conference Officer: Jimena Prado Ramírez

Topics

a. Global warming and its consequences on health issues. 

b. How to stop the disappearance of species and its effects on the food chain.

Moderator:

Guiomar Farid Torres Guerrero

Hobbies:

Watch TV, eat candies, stay and talk with my friends.

As well as to eat fruit, listen to music and use my ipod.

Dislikes:

Garlic, onions ,melon. watermelon, biology, insects and homework,

Topic A : Global warming and its consequences on health issues. 

Global warming is all about adverse climate change caused by the trapping of green house gases (like carbon dioxide) in the earth’s atmosphere that affects biodiversity and poses a serious health hazard. Counter measures to facilitate living in hotter temperatures like air-conditioning and refrigeration will unfortunately consume more electricity from power plants that burn coal, releasing carbon dioxide. This will further spike global warming and have a seriously damaging influence on human health.

Recent outbreaks of malaria, dengue fever (“break bone” fever), Hanta virus and similar diseases in the West due to climate change are the consequences of global warming, according to some Harvard Medical School doctors. The incidence of kidney stones is likely to go up and so are many other conditions. The long term serious consequence to human health is likely to threaten our very existence on this planet.

Read More: http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.2307/1941591

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change—a multidisciplinary scientific body established by the United Nations in 1988 to advise governments—concluded that on balance an anthropogenic influence upon the global climate was now “discernible.”

This greatly extends the temporal-spatial scale of environmental health beyond our usual concern with localized and immediate exposures to toxic or infectious agent’s .For a major research task, therefore, is the application of current knowledge to forecasting probable health effects. The primary objective is to provide indicative forecasts of an important consequence.

1. Anthony J McMichael (t.mcmichael@LSHTM.ac.uk)a,

2. Andrew Hainesb, professor of primary health care

Author Affiliations

1. Correspondence to: Professor McMichael

Bibliography:

The consequences of global warming. Page consulted on May 17^th at: http://www.nrdc.org/globalWarming/fcons.asp

Global Warming. Page consulted on May 17^th at: http://www.earthtimes.org/encyclopaedia/environmental-issues/global-warming/

http://www.bmj.com/content/315/7111/805.short

Topic B: How to stop the disappearance of species and its effects on the food chain.

Actually the quantity of species that are disappearing is very alarming because right now the species are disappearing in 1000 faster than the normal extinction time, all of this is just caused principally by the destruction of rainforests and natural ecosystem because the 80% of the natural wild life is just localized in naturals rain forest, as the example of panama that the scientist discovers that the 80% of species of beetles where discover in just 19 trees in one panamas rain forest, but what does this affects humans, well it affects, principally the food chains, the constant disappearance of species, makes a hole in a complicated food chain web, that has to be reorganized faster by nature because if not the complex ecosystem in which the extinct specie or species use to live and reproduce will be destroy by the death of the hunter animals that eat them, that makes the last consumer species to die, causing and excess of death bodies that pollute the natural space that finally is destroyed by the predominance of one or more than one plant species, after the disappearance of the complete ecosystem, the death space later years, become another new ecosystem, probably this cannot affect nature and food chains, but by the high number of diary number of extinct species make a lot off ecosystems disappear and the use of those spaces for human activities, elite that ecosystems been born , so after all ecosystems are destroy humans has no to eat and we have killed all the world just for money.

Bibliography: No data, No data, consulted on Monday 21 may 2012 on : http://library.thinkquest.org/26634/text/forest/animal/extinction.htm

UNEP	Delegate	Country
1	Torres Suárez Arturo	SPAIN
2	Huizar Guzman Víctor E.	SWITZERLAND
3	Rodríguez Rodríguez Ricarda	NORTH KOREA

5	Aguilar Gabriela	FRANCE
6	Buenrrostro Miguel Ángel	POLAND
7	Hinojosa Contreras Ximena	GERMANY
8	Mendez Pimentel Christopher	UKRAINE
9	López Reyes Andrés	UK
10	Salcido Luna María Fernanda	INDONESIA
11	De León Banda Mariana	CHINA
12	Domínguez Santiago Horacio	MEXICO
13	Cuevas Puigferrat Pablo	USA
14	González Enríquez Melanie	CANADA
15	Alcántara Miranda Jocelyn	NORWAY
16	Pérez Henández María Ximena	RUSSIAN FEDERATION
17	Castillo Sandra	INDIA
18	Durón Aguilera Luis Hector	NETHERLANDS
19	Miguel Ángel Maillard	AUSTRALIA
20	Martínez Espinosa Diana Rocío	ITALY
21	RODRIGUEZ RUBIO MARIA FERNANDA	ICELAND
22	PAZ GONZALEZ CLAUDIA DANIELA	SWEDEN

GREECE

Official Name: Hellenci Republic.

Population: 2011: 10,787,690.

Government: Unitary Parliamentary Republic.

Official Language: Greek.

Religions: Greek Orthodox Church.

Christianity.

Catholicsm.

Hellenic Neopaganism.

Protestantism.

Islam.

Governors: President: Karolos Papoulias.

Prime Minister: Lucas Papademos.

Main exports: Fruit, vegetables, olive, oil, textiles, Steel, aluminum, cement, and various manufactured items such as clothing, food stuff, refined petroleum-based products.

Literacy rate: 97.2%

Member of UN since: October 25th 1945.

COMMITEE: European Union.

President: David Madrigal.

Delegate: Ibarra de la Peña María José.

English Group: 1ºA

English Teacher: Ana Nóchez Vera.

INSTITUTO LA PAZ MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2012

DELEGATION: Greece

COMMITEE: European Union

TOPIC A: Economical crisis in the European Union.

DELEGATE: Ibarra de la Peña María José

1) European Union

The EU is an economic and political partnership between 27 European countries that together cover much of the continent.

It was created in the aftermath of the Second World War. The first steps were to foster economic cooperation. Since then, the EU has developed into a huge market with the euro as it common currency.

It has delivered half a century of peace, stability and prosperity; helped raise living standards, and launched a single European currency.

Thanks to the abolition of border controls between EU countries, people can travel freely throughout most of the continent; and it´s also become much easier to live and work abroad in Europe.

The member states of the EU are Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and United Kingdom.

2) Background

The European economy is in the midst of the deepest recession since the 1930´s. Although signs of improvement have appeared recently, recovery remains uncertain and fragile. The EU´s response to the downturn has been swift and decisive.

Overall, to stabilise, restore and reform the banking sector, the European Economic Recovery Plan (EERP) was launched in December 2008.

The objective of the EERP is to restore confidence and bolster demand through a coordinated injection of purchasing power into the economy complemented by strategic investments and measures to shore up business and labour markets.

However, the European economic situation was originated on 2007 by the collapse of US investment bank “Bearn Stearns”. This situation create crisis in countries such as Greece, Portugal and Ireland.

3) Greece Policy and involvement

Over the last decade, Greece went on a debt that came crashing to an end in late 2009, provoking an economic crisis that has decimated the country´s economy, brought down a government, unleashed increasing social unrest and threatened both Europe´s recovery and the future of the euro.

The Greek government has been kept afloat by its fellow Eurozone countries, but at a steep price: the austerity measures demanded by France and Germany in return for two massive bailout packages have ripped holes in the Greek safety net.

After long resisting the idea of a default, European officers in March 2012 helped Greece negotiate a landmark debt restructuring deal with the vast majority of it´s private sector lenders, who agreed to swap 177 billion in Greek debt for new bonds worth as much as 75 per cent less.

Nevertheless, in late 2009, the new government of Prime Minister George A. Papandreou announced that it had discovered that it´s conservative predecessor had falsified budget figures, concealing a swollen debt that was growing rapidly in the wake of global economic meltdown. Greece was frozen out of the bond markets and in May 2010 began to rely on an aid package of €110 billion agreed to by it´s richer European neighbours.

4) Negative consequences of the past solutions

Perhaps the most constructive comment on the solution to the Greek debt crisis has become from Andrus Ansip, prime minister of Estonia. He said that Greece have to cut public expenditure, making structural reforms and creating a really efficient taxation system.

Although, Professor Thanos Veremis of the University of Athens, the lack of charismatic political leaders in Greece and the resulting political mismanagement contributed to the deteriorating economic situation of the country. That is why the late-2000 financial crisis had a particularly large effect on Greece because tourism and shipping experienced a significant drop of revenues.

5) Proposals

Delegation of Greece thinks that we can help Greece economy by improving tax collection that is that all people and all business pay taxes without having to raise taxes.

Liberate some economic sectors. Currently, the Greek state is the only active in certain economic sectors. Companies selling these individuals would reduce the current government spending, increase income and promote competition in some sectors of the economy.

In addition, strengthening the internal market and promoting exports of woods and services, this to give more work opportunities to people, because unemployment in Greece is very high.

Bibliography:

No author, (nd), EU, Viewed April 1, 2012. Consult URL: http://europa.eu/about-eu/basic-information/index_en.htm

No author, (nd), EU countries, Viewed April 1, 2012. Consult URL: http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/index_en.htm

Buti Marco, 2009, EU economic situation, Viewed April 2, 2012. Consult URL:

http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/publications/publication15887_en.pdf

No author, 2012, Greece´s economic situation, Viewed April 2, 2012. Consult URL:

http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/greece/index.html

Hawes Michael, 2011, Greece´s solutions, Viewed April 2, 2012. Consult URL:

http://www.landvaluetax.org/current-affairs-comment/the-only-solution-to-the-greek-financial-crisis.html

INSTITUTO LA PAZ MODEL UNITED NATIONS 2012

DELEGATION: Greece

COMMITEE: European Union

TOPIC B: Food crisis all over Europe as well as lack of food for future generation.

DELEGATE: Ibarra de la Peña María José

1) European Union

On the fist place, the EU is an economic and political partnership between 27 European countries that together cover much of the continent.

It was created in the aftermath of the Second World War. The first steps were to foster economic cooperation. Since then, the EU has developed into a huge market with the euro as it common currency.

That is why, it has delivered half a century of peace, stability and prosperity; helped raise living standards, and launched a single European currency.

Thanks to the abolition of border controls between EU countries, people can travel freely throughout most of the continent; and it´s also become much easier to live and work abroad in Europe.

2) Background

The growing impossibility of a dignified livelihood in the European countryside has provoked a widespread and active social response on the part of Europeans unwilling to sacrifice their society and environment to corporate greed.

Farmers, unions, environmental organizations, consumers groups, fair trade organizations, and economic solidarity networks, among many others, have begun to work throughout Europe to denounce the impact of the EU´s agricultural policies and call for alternatives.

Response have varied by country according to the character of local organizations, but all are creating and strengthening alliances between the different social sectors that are negatively affected by the agrifood polices of the Common Agricultural Policy. Together they are creating a host of alternative practices and polices for sustainable production, distribution, and consumption.

3) Greece´s policy and involvement

On the other hand, the citizens of Greece go on strike to ask for government assistance but do not get any response.

The price of food is too expensive and people have to work overtime to feed his family because it is not enough money they receive.

In some cases, who keeps the family, who generally is the husband, has to give up his food for his children and wife do not die of hunger.

But now, the Greek Ministry of Education will distribute among the students coupons for free lunches, with the increasing cases of malnutrition in some schools, specially in neighbourhoods hardest hit by the economic crisis and unemployment.

The first step of that plan, which will begin next week, will be sharing coupons in 18 schools in poor neighbourhoods in the region of Attica.

4) Past solutions and consequences.

As it is explained in the Background, responses about Food crisis have varied by country according to the character of local organizations, but all are creating and strengthening alliances between the different social sectors that are negatively affected by the agrifood polices of the Common Agricultural Policy. Together, they are creating a host of alternative practices and polices for sustainable production, distribution, and consumption.

For example, in France solidarity networks are being forged between producers and consumers through Associations for the Maintenance of Smallholder Agriculture (AMAPs). Like Community Supported Agriculture (CSAs), the AMAPs establish solidarity contracts between groups of consumers and local agroecological farmers. The group pays in advance for produce that the farmer provides weekly. The first AMAP was created in 2001 between a group of consumers between Aubagne and a farm in the Olivades region of Provence. Today, there are 750 AMPs serving 30,000 families throughout France.

5) Proposals.

Delegation of Greece proposes that:

College students do their social service going to grow food.

Prohibit the importation of food from abroad, for more food produced in Greece and people may have more job opportunity.

Promote research into food more nutritious food for less to satisfy their hunger.

Promote farms where fish are grown to have more food that is easy and quickly to obtain.

Information Resources:

No author, (nd), EU, Viewed April 1, 2012. Consult URL: http://europa.eu/about-eu/basic-information/index_en.htm

No author, (nd), EU countries, Viewed April 1, 2012. Consult URL: http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/index_en.htm

No author, February 2012, Food crisis in Europe, Viewed April 1, 2012. Consult URL: http://www.internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article1825

No author, (nd), Food crisis in Greece, Viewed April 1, 2012. Consult URL: http://www.erepublik.com/en/article/food-crisis-in-greece-people-blame-bloated-goverment--354472/1/20

No author, February 13 2012, Solution for Food crisis in Greece, Viewed April 1, 2012. Consult URL: http://www.elperiodico.com/es/noticias/politica/atenas-dara-vales-comida-las-escuelas-1370701

PazMun 2012

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United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP)

Topic A : Global warming and its consequences on health issues.

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