Committee: UNICEF (United Nations Children´s Fund)
Country: Mexico
Topic
B: Intercountry Adoption
Delegate:
Ramón Cruz-Camarillo Rojas
1) Background
In
1928 Mexico established on the chapter I of the civil code between article 290
to 320 that: if a person want to adopt a children, he must have more than 40
years and he mustn’t have sons.
In
1938 the protocol changed by giving as statutory age of 30 years old. Then in
1970 the government decided to put as statutory age 25 years old.
Intercountry
adoption dated back in the years of the World War II when adoption between
countries began to be more popular. People of countries that didn´t participate
in the war (World War II) began to adopt orphans.
In
1998 the reform made a new protocol where they established the rules and
procedures Mexicans and foreign have to do to adopt a children, and makes
possible for children that have more than 12 years decide with what kind of
people they want for be adopt.
It
was until 80´s when Mexico began to work on Intercountry adoption. Between 1985 and 1995 the National Council of
Adoption estimates a number of 1,275 adoptions with United States.
2)
Mexico’s
Policy and involvement
For this kind of issues, in 1928
Mexican government an organization called:”La Gota de Leche”. In the 60´s
Mexico create 2 institutions that were “INPI” and “IMAN” that with the past of
the years this organization began to work together to create “DIF” that now is
the organization that has as responsibilities the care of children.
In Mexico to begin the paperwork of
adoption of children people must have the next:
·
A letter where you
established why you want to adopt children and give the characteristics of the
children you want to adopt.
·
Birth certificate of
the people who want to adopt the children
·
2 recommendation letters.
·
Identification cards
·
Proof of residency
·
Medical certificate
This process of paperwork can late 3
months and with the process of adoption 2 or 4 years. This make people decide
to decline the process of adoption. That’s why in Mexico only the 30% of the
applicants can adopt a child.
3)
Proposals:
As Mexico said in this document,
with the pass of the years the adoption began to be difficult, for Mexicans and
foreign because of the problem of use of children in the racketeering and drug
cartels.
Mexico has to make more efficient their
process of adoption to increase the percentage of adoption score but also
knowing that every child that is adopted will have a live with love and
opportunities to be a better person.
If Mexico didn’t work in the
national adoption they can´t work on the Intercountry adoption. Mexico thing
the more suitable think to this is the creation of a protocol where establishes
the thing people have to do to adopt a children of other country.
Bibliography:
Miranda, E. L. (2010, June 15). Adoption in Mexico: Situation. Retrieved February 27, 2012, from Adoption
in Mexico: Situation:
http://www.letrasjuridicas.com/Volumenes/21/cardenas21.pdf
Miranda, E. L. (2009, MARCH 29). INTERCOUNTRY ADOPTION .
Retrieved FREBRUARY 28, 2012, from INTERCOUNTRY ADOPTION :
http://biblio.juridicas.unam.mx/libros/1/145/4.pdf
NEXT PAGE
Country:
Mexico
Committee:
United Nations Children´s Fund
(UNICEF)
Topic
A: Military use of children
Delegate: Ramón Cruz-Camarillo Rojas
1) Background
Military use of children dated back to the times of
September the 13th of 1847 is commemorated as the celebration of the
“children heroes’ day” which is known as the day that six teenagers between 13
and 18 died defending Chapultepec´s Castle of the US invading forces.
In 1990 in
the CIDN, Mexico created a document where they established the rights and
obligations of every teenager and kid.
In 1991
Mexican government created the law
called “law for treatment of young’s” in which establishes that children under
14 years old that works with Racketeering will have to receive physiological
and social help. And teenagers of 14 years old and more depending on his fault
they can go to a penitentiary.
In May of
the year 2000 Security Council give the next definition: “A child soldier has been defined as
any person under 18 years of age who forms part of an armed force in any
capacity and those accompanying such groups, other than purely as family
members, as well as girls recruited for sexual purposes and forced marriages”
Since 2008
Mexican government order all states to make their own laws and protocols for children
that are related with de Racketeering.
2) Mexico´s policy and involvement
Since 2005
the government of Mexico tries to reform the law of 1991 without results.
Between the years of 2006 and 2011 Mexico begins to worry about the development
of Childs in racketeering.
Between
2006 and 2009 was presented an incredible increase of the 1850% because of the
racketeering and drug cartels.
Mexico
decides to take actions. With campaigns and programs in all country, like Veracruz
Seguro and Guerrero Seguro (established on 2011) that has at objectives the
elimination of drug cartels and racketeering.
In the last
year Mexico because of this programs Mexico began to reduce the number of
children that works with racketeering and drug cartels in a 30% and also the
capture of dangerous people that produce this.
3) Proposals
Mexico
proposes the next: to use the program and protocol of El Salvador and Angola to
solve this problem.
The program
is call: Children Soldier Preventing, Demobilizing and Reintegrating, this
program consists in 3 phases. This program have good results on Angola and
Salvador y we believe we can function in other countries like: Mexico, Sri
lank, Senegal, Afghanistan, Etc. but we also need help of the G5.
Preventing: that
means, the creation of laws, the involvement of people and the study of
vulnerable groups conducted in demobilization planning.
Demobilization: give security to the vulnerable groups, the advocacy of
children of racketeering and drug cartels, a campaign to give information to
population about the problem and search of children that work to the
racketeering and drug cartels.
Reintegration: the family reunification of affected children, and if is
necessary the look of a new family, Also the Psychosocial, traditional healing
and education and economical opportunities.
Bibliography
Anonim. (2007, March 21). derechosinfancia.
Retrieved February 20, 2012, from derechosinfancia: http://www.derechosinfancia.org.mx/
Verhey, B. (2001,
November 14). WORDBLANK. Retrieved february 20, 2012, from WORDBLANK:
http://www.worldbank.org/afr/wps/wp23.pdf
