United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC)
Videos
President: Andrés Martínez
· Chair: Karla Sofía de la Brena Coronel
· Moderator: Jimena Ordaz
· Conference Officer: Sabina Zaldivar Milán
LONDON
T Topics
• a. Trafficking, prostitution and pornography of children.
• b. Homosexual, bisexual and transgender rights.
Dear delegates, ambassadors, ministers, members of the chair,
I’m most glad of welcoming you to PAZMUN 2012 and its United Nations Human Rights Council. At last, several months of effort, learning and practice have come to a culmination and not only this institution, but our mission to achieving international peace and security, call us and demand us to give the best of ourselves.
As members of a global society, the quest towards the universal application and respect of Human Rights concerns us all. Some might say it’s a never ending, worthless task, but I can assure you, estimate members of this committee, that every single decision taken during the next debate sessions can change the fates of hundreds, thousands of children, women, men and families around the world.
If we work together in the prosecution of a stronger protection of Human Rights, we will effectively contribute in favor of the construction of a more peaceful and inclusive world. There is nothing left for me than congratulate you for being here today and wish you the best.
It´s a world of our making
Thank you.
Andrés Martínez
Here it is our team!
Committee: Human Rights
Name: Andrés Martínez Mendoza
Favourite Subject: History
Position: Human Right's President
Hobby: Have Friends
Committee: Human Rights
Name: Sabina Zaldívar Milán
Favorite Subject: History
Position: Conference officer
Hobby: Ballet
Committee: Human Rights
Name: Karla Sofía de la Brena Coronel
Favorite Subject: Social Studies
Position: Chair
Hobby: Craft
Committee: Human Rights
Name: Ricardo Adrian Ordaz Suriano
Favorite Subject: History
Position: Moderator
Hobby: Play videogames
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Topic A:
In
order further to achieve the purposes of the Convention on the Rights of the
Child and the implementation of its provisions, especially articles 1, 11, 21,
32, 33, 34, 35 and 36, it would be appropriate to extend the measures that
States Parties should undertake in order to guarantee the protection of the
child from the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography,
Considering
also that the Convention on the Rights of the Child recognizes the right of the
child to be protected from economic exploitation and from performing any work
that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child's education, or
to be harmful to the child's health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or
social development,
Gravely
concerned at the significant and increasing international traffic in children
for the purpose of the sale of children, child prostitution and child
pornography,
Deeply
concerned at the widespread and continuing practice of sex tourism, to which
children are especially vulnerable, as it directly promotes the sale of
children, child prostitution and child pornography,
Recognizing
that a number of particularly vulnerable groups, including girl children, are
at greater risk of sexual exploitation and that girl children are disproportionately
represented among the sexually exploited,
Concerned
about the growing availability of child pornography on the Internet and other
evolving technologies, and recalling the International Conference on Combating
Child Pornography on the Internet, held in Vienna in 1999, in particular its
conclusion calling for the worldwide criminalization of the production,
distribution, exportation, transmission, importation, intentional possession
and advertising of child pornography, and stressing the importance of closer
cooperation and partnership between Governments and the Internet industry,
Believing that
the elimination of the sale of children, child prostitution and child
pornography will be facilitated by adopting a holistic approach, addressing the
contributing factors, including underdevelopment, poverty, economic
disparities, inequitable socio-economic structure, dysfunctioning families,
lack of education, urban-rural migration, gender discrimination, irresponsible
adult sexual behaviour, harmful traditional practices, armed conflicts and
trafficking in children
Taking
due account of the importance of the traditions and cultural values of each
people for the protection and harmonious development of the child,Have agreed
as follows:
Article
1
States
Parties shall prohibit the sale of children, child prostitution and child
pornography as provided for by the present Protocol.
Article
2
For
the purposes of the present Protocol:
(a)
Sale
(b)
Child prostitution means the use of a child in sexual activities for
remuneration or any other form of consideration;
(c)
Child pornography means any representation, by whatever means, of a child
engaged in real or simulated explicit sexual activities or any representation
of the sexual parts of a child for primarily sexual purposes.
Article
3
1.
Each State Party shall ensure that, as a minimum, the following acts and
activities are fully covered under its criminal or penal law, whether such
offences are committed domestically or transnationally or on an individual or
organized basis:
(a)
In the context of sale of children as defined in article 2:
(i)
Offering, delivering or accepting, by whatever means, a child for the purpose
of:
a.
Sexual exploitation of the child;
b.
Transfer of organs of the child for profit;
c.
Engagement of the child in forced labour;
Topic B:
Despite
participation of the Russian
Federation
CEDAW,
which stipulate the principle of equal rights for all people, and establishing
the
principle
of non-discrimination, homosexual and
bisexual
women, as well as transgender people are excluded from the social context and
are
subjected
to discrimination and violence in many areas of life.
Related
to violence against lesbian, bisexual and transgender (LBT)
people,
including domestic violence; recognition of gender identity of the person;
discrimination
and
violence against LBT human rights defenders; violation of the rights to
education and
health;
discrimination in employment and in family relations.
Materials
used in this report were obtained in the course of monitoring, when rendering
legal
assistance
for LBT persons, and also acquired from secondary sources.
1
Specific
recommendations for the Russian Government aimed at actual de jure and de facto
gender
equality
of LBT people in all spheres of life are offered on the basis of the research
results.
·
Homosexuality is illegal in 76 countries,
including 5 that have the death penalty (Mauritania ,
Sudan as well as 12 northern
states in Nigeria and the
southern parts of Somalia , Iran , Saudi Arabia ,
Yemen
·
Incitements to hatred based on sexual
orientation is prohibited in just 24 countries
·
Africa has gone from bad to worse in the past 10 years with 36 countries now
having laws criminalising homosexuality. They are: Algeria, Angola, Botswana,
Burundi, Cameroon (1972), Comoros, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana,
Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco,
Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, São Tomé and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles,
Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda,
Zambia, Zimbabwe
·
More than half of Asian and Middle Eastern
countries still criminalise homosexuality but some there have been notable
steps in India where gay sex
was decriminalised in 2009 and Nepal
and Pakistan
·
In Latin America and the Caribbean
homosexuality is illegal in Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize,
Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St Kitts & Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent
& the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago
·
None of the European countries can claim
to provide full legal equality for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender
(LGBT) people but Cyprus , Italy , Latvia ,
Malta , Turkey and Ukraine
Gender
identity refers to person’s deeply felt internal
and individual experience of gender,
which
may or may not correspond with the sex assigned at birth, including the
personal sense
of
the body (which may involve, if freely chosen, modification of bodily
appearance or function
by
medical, surgical or other means) and other expressions of gender, including
dress, speech
and
mannerisms
LBT is an abbreviation for lesbian and bisexual women and transgender
people.
Lesbian women are women, who experience emotional, romantic and physical
attraction to
other
women.
Bisexual women are women, who experience emotional, romantic and physical
attraction both
to
men and women.
Transgender
people are people who regard the sex that was
ascribed to them at birth as not
reflecting,
or not fully reflecting their gender identity. For the purposes of this report
terms
“transgender
people” refers to both transgender men and women.
Transgender
women are people who were assigned male sex at
birth but identify and live as
women.
Transgender
men are people who were assigned female sex
at birth but identify and live as
men.
Sexual
orientation refers to each person’s capacity for
profound emotional, affectional and
sexual
attraction to, and intimate and sexual relations with, individuals of a
different gender or
the
same gender or more than one gende
General recommendations
•
make a clear political statement, that LBT people are protected against
discrimination under
existing
anti-discrimination legislation;
•
consider and implement the Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers
recommendation
CM/Rec(2010)5
of March 31, 2010 on measures to combat discrimination on grounds of
sexual
orientation or gender identity;
38
•
develop and implement measures directed towards recognition at all levels of
inadmissibility
of
homophobia and transphobia, as well as discrimination on the grounds of sexual
orientation
or gender identity;
•
ensure measures aimed at elimination of homophobic and transphobic speeches of
politicians
and opinion leaders.
•
raise awareness, provide fact-based information on LGBT-people and the problem
of
homophobia
to staff of the judicial system, law enforcement agencies, government
structures;
•
consult and cooperate with LGBT human rights organizations on these questions.
HUMAN RIGHTS
Human rights
are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of
residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language, or any
other status. We are all equally entitled to our human rights without
discrimination. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and
indivisible.
Universal human rights are often expressed and guaranteed by law, in the forms of treaties, customary international law , general principles and other sources of international law. International human rights law lays down obligations of Governments to act in certain ways or to refrain from certain acts, in order to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals or groups.
Universal human rights are often expressed and guaranteed by law, in the forms of treaties, customary international law , general principles and other sources of international law. International human rights law lays down obligations of Governments to act in certain ways or to refrain from certain acts, in order to promote and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals or groups.
THE COMMITTEE
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
(OHCHR) represents the world's commitment to universal ideals of human dignity.
We have a unique mandate from the international community to promote and
protect all human rights. Like any organization, we have a leadership, The High Commissioner for Human Rights is the
principal human rights official of the United Nations. The High Commissioner
heads OHCHR and spearheads the United Nations' human rights efforts. We offer
leadership, work objectively, educate and take action to empower individuals
and assist States in upholding human rights. We are a part of the United Nations
Secretariat with our headquarters in Geneva
Some bibliography...
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